What is IBS?
Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) is a digestive disorder affecting the large intestine. It often results in persistent abdominal pain, bloating, constipation, diarrhea, and general digestive discomfort. While it cannot be fully cured, IBS can be effectively managed with medication and lifestyle changes.
Recognizing Symptoms of IBS
IBS often has subtle symptoms, making it challenging to detect early. However, factors like spicy/untimely meals, stress, smoking, and alcohol consumption can exacerbate IBS discomfort. Common symptoms include:
Severe abdominal pain
Bloating
Gas
Frequent urge to pass stool, especially during stress
Alternating constipation and diarrhea
Mucus in stool
When to See a Doctor
It's essential to consult a doctor if changes in bowel habits persist or symptoms worsen. Seek immediate medical attention if you experience:
Nighttime diarrhea
Unexplained weight loss
Rectal bleeding
Anemia
Difficulty swallowing
Unexplained vomiting
Persistent abdominal pain
Possible Causes of IBS
While the exact cause of IBS is unknown, several factors may trigger it:
Abnormal Nerve Signals: Abnormal nerve signals between the brain and digestive system can cause the body to overreact to normal digestive changes, leading to discomfort.
Intestinal Muscular Contractions: Strong contractions can cause gas and diarrhea, while weak ones slow food passage, resulting in constipation.
Increase in Intestinal Immune Cells: Inflammation due to increased immune cells may cause diarrhea and pain.
Infections: Bacterial growth and infections can worsen IBS symptoms.
Changes in Gut Bacteria: Altered gut bacteria may trigger IBS symptoms.
Common IBS Triggers
Food Intolerance: Foods like dairy, wheat, citrus, beans, cabbage, and carbonated drinks may cause adverse reactions.
Stress: Stress can exacerbate IBS symptoms.
Hormonal Changes: Women may experience worsened IBS symptoms during menstruation.
Risk Factors
Gender: Women, especially those on estrogen therapy, are more prone to IBS.
Age: People over 50 have a higher likelihood of IBS.
Genetics: A family history can increase IBS risk.
Mental Health Issues: Depression, anxiety, and past trauma can contribute to IBS.
Prevention and Management
While the exact cause of IBS remains unknown, you can manage it through:
Diet Changes: Focus on fresh produce, lean meat, low-fat dairy, and whole grains while avoiding fried foods and certain carbohydrates.
Meditation: Reduce stress to help control IBS.
Counseling: Consider psychiatric help if managing long-term health conditions.
Exercise: Regular exercise is vital to maintain a healthy weight.
Diagnosis and Treatment
Doctors may recommend endoscopies, X-rays, CT scans, and blood or stool tests to identify IBS triggers. Treatment often involves lifestyle adjustments, therapy, and medication.
For expert diagnosis and care, consult Raj Hospitals Ranchi to see the best gastroenterologist in Ranchi for comprehensive IBS management.